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Topics

Ruby Basics

Introduction to RubyInstalling RubyRuby SyntaxRuby CommentsRuby VariablesRuby Data TypesRuby OperatorsRuby ConstantsRuby OutputRuby InputRuby String Interpolation

Control Structures

Ruby If-Else StatementsRuby Case StatementsRuby Unless StatementRuby While LoopsRuby For LoopsRuby Each IteratorRuby Break and NextRuby Redo and Retry

Ruby Methods

Defining Ruby MethodsRuby Method ArgumentsRuby Default ArgumentsRuby Keyword ArgumentsRuby Variable ArgumentsRuby Return ValuesRuby Method Aliases

Ruby Collections

Ruby ArraysRuby Array MethodsRuby HashesRuby Hash MethodsRuby RangesRuby Sets

Ruby OOP

Ruby ClassesRuby ObjectsRuby InheritanceRuby ModulesRuby MixinsRuby EncapsulationRuby PolymorphismRuby Method OverridingRuby Class VariablesRuby Instance VariablesRuby Getters and SettersRuby attr_* Methods

Ruby Advanced Concepts

Ruby BlocksRuby ProcsRuby LambdasRuby ClosuresRuby MetaprogrammingRuby ReflectionRuby Dynamic Method CreationRuby Singleton ClassesRuby Method MissingRuby Symbols

Ruby Exception Handling

Ruby Begin-Rescue-EndRuby Raise ExceptionsRuby Custom ExceptionsRuby Ensure ClauseRuby Retry Statement

Ruby File I/O

Ruby File Open and CloseRuby File Read OperationsRuby File Write OperationsRuby File ModesRuby Directory Operations

Ruby Modules and Gems

Ruby Module CreationRuby Module InclusionRuby NamespacesRuby Gem BasicsRuby Gem InstallationRuby Bundler

Ruby Testing

Ruby Unit TestingRuby Test::Unit FrameworkRuby RSpec BasicsRuby Mocking and Stubbing

Ruby Concurrency

Ruby ThreadsRuby FibersRuby GIL (Global Interpreter Lock)Ruby Parallel Processing

Ruby and the Web

Ruby CGI ProgrammingRuby ERB TemplatesRuby and HTTPRuby JSON ParsingRuby XML Parsing

Ruby Performance

Ruby ProfilingRuby BenchmarkingRuby Memory ManagementRuby Garbage Collection

Ruby Best Practices

Ruby Code Style GuideRuby Naming ConventionsRuby Design PatternsRuby Refactoring Techniques

Ruby File Modes

File modes in Ruby are essential for controlling how files are accessed and manipulated. They determine whether a file can be read, written, or both, and how the file pointer behaves when opening an existing file.

Understanding File Modes

When opening a file in Ruby using the File.open method or the open method, you specify a mode as the second argument. This mode dictates the operations allowed on the file.

Common File Modes

  • "r": Read-only mode (default)
  • "w": Write-only mode (creates a new file or truncates an existing one)
  • "a": Append mode (adds content to the end of the file)
  • "r+": Read-write mode (starts at the beginning of the file)
  • "w+": Read-write mode (creates a new file or truncates an existing one)
  • "a+": Read-append mode (reads from the beginning, writes at the end)

Using File Modes in Ruby

Let's explore some examples of how to use these file modes in Ruby:

Reading a File


File.open("example.txt", "r") do |file|
  content = file.read
  puts content
end

This code opens a file in read-only mode and prints its contents.

Writing to a File


File.open("new_file.txt", "w") do |file|
  file.write("Hello, Ruby!")
end

This example creates a new file (or overwrites an existing one) and writes a string to it.

Advanced File Mode Options

Ruby also supports additional options for file modes:

  • "b": Binary mode (useful for non-text files)
  • "t": Text mode (default on most systems)

These can be combined with the basic modes. For example, "rb" opens a file in binary read mode.

Best Practices

  • Always close files after use, or use block syntax to automatically close them.
  • Use appropriate modes to prevent accidental data loss or corruption.
  • Consider using "w+" or "a+" when you need to both read and write.

Related Concepts

To further enhance your understanding of file handling in Ruby, explore these related topics:

Mastering file modes is crucial for efficient file handling in Ruby. It allows you to control data flow and ensure proper file management in your Ruby applications.