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Subjects

JAVASCRIPTHTMLCSSPYTHONSQLJAVACPPCSHARPPHPTYPESCRIPTCRUBYGOSWIFTKOTLINRUSTRBASHSCALAOBJECTIVE-CDARTPERLLUAMATLABXMLJSONMARKDOWNASSEMBLYLATEXYAMLSOLIDITYBLOCKCHAIN

Topics

Ruby Basics

Introduction to RubyInstalling RubyRuby SyntaxRuby CommentsRuby VariablesRuby Data TypesRuby OperatorsRuby ConstantsRuby OutputRuby InputRuby String Interpolation

Control Structures

Ruby If-Else StatementsRuby Case StatementsRuby Unless StatementRuby While LoopsRuby For LoopsRuby Each IteratorRuby Break and NextRuby Redo and Retry

Ruby Methods

Defining Ruby MethodsRuby Method ArgumentsRuby Default ArgumentsRuby Keyword ArgumentsRuby Variable ArgumentsRuby Return ValuesRuby Method Aliases

Ruby Collections

Ruby ArraysRuby Array MethodsRuby HashesRuby Hash MethodsRuby RangesRuby Sets

Ruby OOP

Ruby ClassesRuby ObjectsRuby InheritanceRuby ModulesRuby MixinsRuby EncapsulationRuby PolymorphismRuby Method OverridingRuby Class VariablesRuby Instance VariablesRuby Getters and SettersRuby attr_* Methods

Ruby Advanced Concepts

Ruby BlocksRuby ProcsRuby LambdasRuby ClosuresRuby MetaprogrammingRuby ReflectionRuby Dynamic Method CreationRuby Singleton ClassesRuby Method MissingRuby Symbols

Ruby Exception Handling

Ruby Begin-Rescue-EndRuby Raise ExceptionsRuby Custom ExceptionsRuby Ensure ClauseRuby Retry Statement

Ruby File I/O

Ruby File Open and CloseRuby File Read OperationsRuby File Write OperationsRuby File ModesRuby Directory Operations

Ruby Modules and Gems

Ruby Module CreationRuby Module InclusionRuby NamespacesRuby Gem BasicsRuby Gem InstallationRuby Bundler

Ruby Testing

Ruby Unit TestingRuby Test::Unit FrameworkRuby RSpec BasicsRuby Mocking and Stubbing

Ruby Concurrency

Ruby ThreadsRuby FibersRuby GIL (Global Interpreter Lock)Ruby Parallel Processing

Ruby and the Web

Ruby CGI ProgrammingRuby ERB TemplatesRuby and HTTPRuby JSON ParsingRuby XML Parsing

Ruby Performance

Ruby ProfilingRuby BenchmarkingRuby Memory ManagementRuby Garbage Collection

Ruby Best Practices

Ruby Code Style GuideRuby Naming ConventionsRuby Design PatternsRuby Refactoring Techniques

Ruby Data Types

Ruby, a dynamic and object-oriented programming language, offers a variety of data types to represent different kinds of information. Understanding these data types is crucial for effective Ruby programming.

Basic Data Types

Numbers

Ruby supports integers and floating-point numbers:


# Integer
age = 30

# Float
pi = 3.14159

Strings

Strings in Ruby are sequences of characters enclosed in single or double quotes:


name = "Ruby"
greeting = 'Hello, World!'

Booleans

Boolean values in Ruby are represented by true and false:


is_ruby_fun = true
is_coding_boring = false

Complex Data Types

Arrays

Arrays are ordered collections of objects. They can contain mixed data types:


fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
mixed_array = [1, "two", 3.0, true]

Learn more about Ruby Arrays and their methods.

Hashes

Hashes are collections of key-value pairs:


person = { "name" => "Alice", "age" => 30, "city" => "New York" }

Explore Ruby Hashes for advanced usage and methods.

Symbols

Symbols are lightweight, immutable identifiers:


status = :active
role = :admin

Dive deeper into Ruby Symbols to understand their benefits and use cases.

Special Data Types

Nil

nil represents the absence of a value:


empty_variable = nil

Ranges

Ranges represent sequences of values:


number_range = 1..10  # Inclusive range
letter_range = 'a'...'z'  # Exclusive range

Learn more about Ruby Ranges and their applications.

Type Checking and Conversion

Ruby provides methods to check and convert between data types:


# Type checking
puts 42.is_a?(Integer)  # true
puts "Hello".is_a?(String)  # true

# Type conversion
puts "42".to_i  # 42 (string to integer)
puts 3.14.to_s  # "3.14" (float to string)

Best Practices

  • Use appropriate data types for your data to ensure efficient memory usage and performance.
  • Leverage Ruby's dynamic typing, but be mindful of potential type-related errors.
  • Utilize Ruby Constants for values that shouldn't change.
  • When working with complex data structures, consider using Ruby Classes to create custom data types.

Understanding Ruby's data types is fundamental to writing efficient and error-free code. As you progress, explore more advanced concepts like Ruby Objects and Ruby Modules to enhance your Ruby programming skills.