Start Coding

Subjects

JAVASCRIPTHTMLCSSPYTHONSQLJAVACPPCSHARPPHPTYPESCRIPTCRUBYGOSWIFTKOTLINRUSTRBASHSCALAOBJECTIVE-CDARTPERLLUAMATLABXMLJSONMARKDOWNASSEMBLYLATEXYAMLSOLIDITYBLOCKCHAIN

Topics

Python Basics

Introduction to PythonInstalling PythonPython SyntaxPython CommentsPython VariablesPython Data TypesPython Type ConversionPython OperatorsPython Input/OutputPython Indentation

Control Structures

Python If...ElsePython While LoopsPython For LoopsPython Break and ContinuePython Pass StatementPython Match-Case Statements

Python Data Structures

Python ListsPython TuplesPython SetsPython DictionariesPython ArraysPython List Comprehension

Python Functions

Defining Python FunctionsPython Function ArgumentsPython Function Return ValuesPython Lambda FunctionsPython Recursive FunctionsPython Global and Local Variables

Python OOP

Python Classes and ObjectsPython InheritancePython EncapsulationPython PolymorphismPython Method OverridingPython Abstract Classes

Python Modules and Packages

Creating Python ModulesImporting Python ModulesPython Built-in ModulesPython Package Management (pip)Creating Python Packages

Python File Handling

Python File Open/ClosePython File ReadPython File WritePython File ManagementPython Directory Handling

Python Exception Handling

Python Try...ExceptPython User-defined ExceptionsPython Raise KeywordPython Finally Clause

Python Advanced Topics

Python IteratorsPython GeneratorsPython DecoratorsPython Context ManagersPython Regular ExpressionsPython MultithreadingPython Multiprocessing

Python Standard Library

Python Math ModulePython Random ModulePython DateTime ModulePython JSON ModulePython OS ModulePython Sys Module

Python Data Manipulation

Python String ManipulationPython List OperationsPython Dictionary OperationsPython Set Operations

Python Testing

Python Unit TestingPython DoctestPython PytestPython Test-Driven Development

Python Performance

Python Code OptimizationPython ProfilingPython Memory ManagementPython Caching Techniques

Python and Databases

Python SQLitePython MySQL ConnectorPython PostgreSQLPython MongoDB

Python Web Scraping

Python Requests LibraryPython BeautifulSoupPython Scrapy Basics

Python and APIs

Python REST API BasicsPython API AuthenticationPython API Data Handling

Python Input and Output

Input and output operations are fundamental in Python programming. They allow interaction between the user and the program, enabling data exchange and result presentation.

Input in Python

Python's input() function is used to receive data from the user. It prompts the user for input and returns the entered value as a string.


name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello, " + name + "!")

Remember, input() always returns a string. For numeric input, you'll need to convert it:


age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
print("You are", age, "years old.")

Output in Python

The print() function is Python's primary tool for displaying output. It can handle multiple arguments and various data types.


print("Hello, World!")
x = 5
y = 10
print("The sum of", x, "and", y, "is", x + y)

Formatting Output

Python offers several ways to format output:

  1. Using the format() method: 
    
name = "Alice"
age = 30
print("My name is {} and I'm {} years old.".format(name, age))
  2. Using f-strings (Python 3.6+): 
    
name = "Bob"
age = 25
print(f"My name is {name} and I'm {age} years old.")

File Input/Output

Python can also read from and write to files. The open() function is used to interact with files.

Writing to a File


with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("Hello, File!")

Reading from a File


with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    content = file.read()
print(content)

For more advanced file operations, check out the Python File Management guide.

Best Practices

  • Always validate user input to ensure it meets your program's requirements.
  • Use meaningful prompts when asking for input to guide the user.
  • Handle potential errors, especially when working with file I/O.
  • Close files after use to free up system resources.

Understanding input and output operations is crucial for creating interactive Python programs. As you advance, you'll find these concepts essential in various applications, from simple scripts to complex data processing tasks.

To further enhance your Python skills, explore Python Error Handling and Python String Manipulation.