The Dart math library is a powerful tool for performing mathematical operations in your Dart programs. It provides a wide range of functions and constants for common mathematical tasks.

Importing the Math Library

To use the math library, you need to import it at the beginning of your Dart file:

import 'dart:math';

Key Features

Basic arithmetic operations
Trigonometric functions
Logarithmic and exponential functions
Random number generation
Constants like pi and e

Common Functions

Here are some frequently used functions from the math library:

sqrt(x): Calculates the square root of x
pow(x, y): Raises x to the power of y
max(a, b): Returns the larger of a and b
min(a, b): Returns the smaller of a and b
sin(x), cos(x), tan(x): Trigonometric functions

Examples

Basic Arithmetic


import 'dart:math';

void main() {
  print(sqrt(16)); // Output: 4.0
  print(pow(2, 3)); // Output: 8.0
  print(max(5, 3)); // Output: 5
}

Trigonometry


import 'dart:math';

void main() {
  print(sin(pi / 2)); // Output: 1.0
  print(cos(pi)); // Output: -1.0
  print(tan(pi / 4)); // Output: 0.9999999999999999
}

Random Number Generation

The math library includes a Random class for generating random numbers. It's particularly useful for simulations and games.


import 'dart:math';

void main() {
  var random = Random();
  print(random.nextInt(100)); // Random integer between 0 and 99
  print(random.nextDouble()); // Random double between 0.0 and 1.0
}

Best Practices

Use the math library for complex calculations to ensure accuracy and efficiency.
Be aware of potential precision issues with floating-point arithmetic.
When working with angles, remember that trigonometric functions use radians, not degrees.

Related Concepts

To further enhance your Dart programming skills, explore these related topics:

The Dart math library is an essential tool for any developer working with mathematical operations. By mastering its functions, you'll be able to handle complex calculations with ease in your Dart programs.